SECOND DIVISION
G.R. No. 117691 March 1, 2000
PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, plaintiff-appellee,
vs.
EDUARDO SAMPIOR y BERICO, accused-appellant.
QUISUMBING, J.:
On appeal is the decision of the Regional Trial Court of Capiz, Branch 15, dated June 29, 1994, in Criminal Cases Nos. C-4515 and C-4516, finding appellant Eduardo Sampior y Berico guilty beyond reasonable doubt of two counts of rape. Its decretal portion reads:
WHEREFORE, finding accused EDUARDO SAMPIOR Y BERICO guilty beyond reasonable doubt of the crime of rape in Crim. Cases Nos. C-4515 and C-4516, punishable under Art. 335 of the Revised Penal Code, as amended by R.A. No. 7659, and without the presence of mitigating or aggravating circumstances, and considering that his daughter-victim was already 18 years old at the time of the commission of the crime, he is hereby imposed with the penalty of reclusion perpetua in each of the aforesaid criminal cases. However, he is entitled to be credited in the service of his sentence for whatever imprisonment he had already undergone pursuant to Art. 29 of the same Code.
SO ORDERED.1
Noteworthy, appellant does not seek an acquittal, but contends that he should have been convicted of frustrated rape only, and that the sentence on him should be reduced, correspondingly.
The facts of this case, as gleaned from the records, are as follows:
On March 5, 1994, private complainant, who is the eldest of appellant's nine children, was left in their house with her two younger sisters and a 2-month old infant brother. Appellant had gone out to harvest palay with his parents and some of his sons. Private complainant's mother, in turn, had left to sell fruits in the Bagong Lipunan Trade Center in Roxas City.
Around 10:00 o'clock' in the morning, appellant returned to their house alone. He told the two small girls to go downstairs and play. The two obeyed, leaving only the appellant, the private complainant, and the sleeping infant. After private complainant placed her charge in his cradle, appellant suddenly pulled her towards him and began to take off her shirt and panty. Private complainant resisted and told him that she did not like that he was doing to her. Appellant persisted in his efforts. He forced her to lie down on the floor and removed her panty. The accused then removed his pants and brief and placed himself on top of her. He held his penis and inserted it into the vagina of the complainant. After a short while, the appellant pulled out his genital organ, which emitted a fluid-like substance. He then told complainant to dress up. Assuring her that he loved her, he warned her not to tell anybody about the incident, otherwise he would kill them all. Shortly thereafter, appellant left the house.
At around 3:00 o'clock in the afternoon of the same day, appellant returned home smelling of liquor. He found private complainant alone and sexually abused her again.
Private complainant says she did not report the rapes immediately to the police, since she was confused and undecided about what to do. She also had her school examinations to contend with. She finally revealed her ordeal to her mother. They agreed to report the matter to the police, but decided to wait for the proper time.
On March 14, 1994, private complainant, with her mother's consent, reported the rapes to the police.
Private complainant was examined at the Roxas Memorial General Hospital by Dr. Michael Toledo. His findings were as follows:
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:
CONCIOUS (sic) COHERENT AMBULATORY
PELVIC EXAMINATION
— GROSSLY NORMAL FEMALE GENITALIA
— INTROITUS — ADMITS 1 FINGER WITH EASE
— HYMEN — INTACT — OPEN DISCHARGE —
WHITISH MUCCIS A/P
— SPERMATOZOA DETERMINATION — NEGATIVE
— PREGNANCY TEST — NEGATIVE2
On March 24, 1994, private complainant filed two separate complaints for rape against her own father. The complaints were docketed as Criminal Case Nos. C-4515 and C-4516. The complaint in Criminal Case No. C-4515 states:
That on or about 10:00 o'clock in the morning of March 5, 1994, in the City of Roxas, Philippines, and within the jurisdiction of this Honorable Court, the said accused, by means of force and intimidation, and exercising moral and parental ascendancy over the person of the complainant who is his natural daughter, did then and there, wilfully, unlawfully and feloniously, had carnal knowledge with EVELYN SAMPIOR, an eighteen (18) year old girl, against her will.
CONTRARY TO LAW.3
The complaint in Criminal Case No. C-4516 reads:
That on or about 3:00 o'clock in the afternoon of March 5, 1994, in the City of Roxas, Philippines, and within the jurisdiction of this Honorable Court, the said accused by means of force and intimidation, and exercising moral and parental ascendancy over the person of the complainant who is his natural daughter, did then and there, wilfully (sic), unlawfully and feloniously, had carnal knowledge with EVELYN SAMPIOR, an eighteen (18) year old girl, against her will.
CONTRARY TO LAW.4
On arraignment, appellant, assisted by the public attorney, pleaded "Not guilty" to each charge.
The two cases were then jointly tried.
The prosecution presented three witnesses, including the complainant.
Dr. Toledo testified that he did not find any laceration of the complainant's hymen nor any contusions or other injuries in her body. However, he pointed out that there are some hymens that are "thick, elastic and flexible,"5 and thus, he could not discount the possibility that a rape victim's hymen would remain intact and exhibit no lacerations.6
Appellant did not take the witness stand. He chose not to present his side of the case. Instead, the defense presented the private complainant as a hostile witness to testify that there was no full penile penetration of her womanhood.
On June 29, 1994, the trial court convicted appellant of two counts of rape.
On appeal before this Court, appellant assigns the following errors:
I
THE COURT OF ORIGIN ERRED IN CONVICTING THE ACCUSED-APPELLANT OF THE CRIME OF CONSUMMATED RAPE.
II
THE COURT OF ORIGIN ERRED IN IMPOSING THE PENALTY OF RECLUSION PERPETUA AGAINST THE ACCUSED APPELLANT.7
The only issue before us is whether or not the trial court erred in finding that appellant is guilty of rape beyond reasonable doubt, and sentencing him to reclusion perpetua with the accessory penalties provided by law.
On the first assigned error, appellant's argues he should not have been convicted of rape, but only of frustrated rape. Appellant avers that since private complainant, as hostile witness, testified that the appellant's penis "only touched the outer side of her vagina,"8 the two rapes were never consummated. Appellant's claim, however, is contradicted by the records. The transcripts show that private complainant categorically, credibly, and convincingly testified that there was phallic penetration of her private parts.9 In the instant case, appellant has shown no reason why the private complainant's testimony should not deserve full credence.1âwphi1 A candid narration by a rape victim deserves credence particularly where no ill motive is attributed to the rape victim that would make her testify falsely against the accused. 10 For no woman in her right mind will admit to having been raped, allow an examination of her most private parts and subject herself as well as her family to the humiliation and shame concomitant with a rape prosecution, unless the charges are true. 11 Where an alleged rape victim says she was sexually abused, she says almost all that is necessary to show that rape had been inflicted on her person, provided her testimony meets the test of credibility. 12
Appellant vehemently insists that prosecution witness Dr. Michael Toledo testified that he could not tell if there was penile penetration as there were no lacerations in the private complainant's hymen, which was still intact. 13 Hence, appellant claims he should be given the benefit of the doubt and should only be convicted of frustrated rape. But appellant's virgo intacta theory has already received short shrift from this Court. A broken hymen or laceration of any part of the female genitalia is not a prerequisite for a rape conviction. 14 Nor is a medical examination indispensable to the prosecution of rape, as long as the evidence on hand convinces the court that a conviction for rape is proper. 15 A medical examination of the victim, as well as the medical certificate, is merely corroborative in character. 16 What is important, the trial court said, is that the testimony of private complainant about the incident is clear, unequivocal, and credible. 17 A daughter would not accuse her own father of such an unspeakable crime as incestuous rape had she really not been aggrieved. 18
Appellant points to the old (1927) ruling in People v. Erinia, 19 where the Court held that there being no conclusive evidence of the penetration of the genital organ of the offended party, the defendant was entitled to the benefit of the doubt, and could only be found guilty of frustrated rape. However, later cases have overruled Erinia. We now hold that the crime of frustrated rape is non-existent in our criminal law. 20 In abandoning Erinia, the Court declared that the merest touch of the male organ upon the labia of the pudendum, no matter how slight, consummates the rape. 21
On the second assigned error, we find that the appellant's conviction for two counts of rape by the trial court is well supported by the evidence. It did not err in imposing the penalty of reclusion perpetua, pursuant to Section 335 of the Revised Penal Code, as amended by R.A. No. 7659. 22
We note, however, that the trial court awarded neither civil indemnity nor moral damages to the offended party. Pursuant to current jurisprudence, the private complainant is entitled to civil indemnity of P50,000.00 for each count of rape. 23 An additional P50,000.00 as moral damages should likewise be granted for each count of rape, 24 without need of further proof. To serve as deterrent against sexual abuse of young women by their fathers, exemplary damages in the amount of P25,000.00 should also be imposed for each count of rape. 25
WHEREFORE, the decision of the trial court sentencing appellant Eduardo Sampior y Berico to reclusion perpetua, with the accessory penalties provided by law, for each one of the two counts of rape is hereby AFFIRMED, with the MODIFICATION that, for each count of rape, appellant shall pay complainant the amount of P50,000.00 as civil indemnity, P50,000.00 as moral damages, and P25,000.00 as exemplary damages. Costs against appellant.1âwphi1.nęt
SO ORDERED.
Bellosillo, Mendoza and De Leon, Jr., JJ., concur.
Buena, J., is on official leave.
Footnotes
1 Records, Crim Case No. C4515, p. 90.
2 Id. at 7.
3 Id. at 2.
4 Records, Crim Case No. C-4516, p. 1.
5 TSN, May 12, 1994, p. 10.
6 Ibid.
7 Rollo, p. 53.
8 TSN, June 2, 1994, pp. 2-12.
9 TSN, May 12, 1994, pp. 31-32, 37-38; June 2, 1994, pp. 10-12.
10 People v. Henson, 270 SCRA 634, 635 (1997).
11 People v. Gastador, G.R. No. 123727, April 14, 1999, p. 14; People v. Oliver, 303 SCRA 73, 81-82 (1999).
12 People v. Abad, 268 SCRA 246, 250-251 (1997).
13 TSN, May 12, 1994, pp. 9-10, 12, 15-16.
14 People v. Garcia, 288 SCRA 382, 399 (1998).
15 People v. Devillers, 269 SCRA 716, 726 (1997).
16 People v. Brandares, G.R. No. 130092, July 26, 1999, p. 6.
17 People v. Brandares, supra, citing People v. Taneo, 284 SCRA 251 (1998).
18 People v. Nuñez, G.R. No. 128875, July 8, 1999, p. 10.
19 50 Phil 998, 1000 (1927).
20 People v. Quiñanola and Escuadro, G.R. No. 126148, May, 5, 1999, p. 1; People v. Orita, 184 SCRA 105, 114-115 (1990).
21 People v. Velasco, 73 SCRA 574, 581 (1976); People v. Ordonio, 68 SCRA 397, 403-404 (1975); People v. Amores, 58 SCRA 505, 508 (1974); People v. Royeras, 56 SCRA 666, 671 (1974); People v. Carandang, 52 SCRA 259, 270 (1973); People v. Pastores, 40 SCRA 498, 509 (1971); People v. Obtinalia, 38 SCRA 651, 661 (1971); People v. Jose, 37 SCRA 450, 469 (1971), People v. Selfaison, 110 Phil. 839 (1961); People v. Canastre, 82 Phil., 480, 483 (1948).
22 Art. 335. When and how rape is committed. — Rape is committed by having carnal knowledge of a woman under any of the following circumstances:
1. By using force or intimidation;
2. When the woman is deprived of reason or otherwise unconscious; and
3. When the woman is under twelve years of age or is demented.
The crime of rape shall be punished by reclusion perpetua.
23 People v. de los Santos, G.R. No. 120235, September 30, 1999, p. 9; People v. Pagpaguitan, et al., G.R. No. 116599, September 27, 1999, p. 17, People v. Bañago, G.R. No. 128384, June 29, 1999, p. 7.
24 People v. Mosqueda, G.R. Nos. 131830-34, September 3, 1999, p. 15; People v. Palma, G.R. Nos. 130206-08, June 17, 1999, p. 16; People v. Manggasin, G.R. No. 130599-600, April 21, 1999, p. 21; People v. Prades, 293 SCRA 411, 431 (1998).
25 CIVIL CODE, art. 2229; People v. Avelino Reyes Dizon, G.R. No. 128889, August 20, 1999 citing People v. Cristobal, 252 SCRA 507 (1996); People v. Calayca, 301 SCRA 194, 211 (1999) citing People v. Ramos, 296 SCRA 559 (1998).
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