Republic of the Philippines
SUPREME COURT
Manila
G.R. No. 185261 October 2, 2009
WALLEM MARITIME SERVICES, INC. and SCANDIC SHIPMANAGEMENT LIMITED, Petitioner,
vs.
ERIBERTO S. BULTRON, Respondent.
D E C I S I O N
CARPIO MORALES, J.:
Wallem Maritime Services, Inc. and Scandic Shipmanagement, Ltd. (petitioners) hired Eriberto S. Bultron (respondent) on February 3, 1999 as crane operator in their vessel MV EASTERN FALCON for a period of twelve (12) months.
In the course of his employment, respondent developed "chronic coughs," hence, petitioners referred him to their company physician in Langkawi, Malaysia who issued a medical report dated April 6, 2000 stating, inter alia, that "by the nature of [respondent’s] work as a seaman, he has been exposed to cement dust as his cargo ship carries cement;" and that his "Chest X-ray shows bilateral apical infiltrations of the lungs, minimal pleural effusion of the left lung and heart configuration is enlarged." Dr. Haroun thus advised petitioners to take care of him "for further management . . ."1
Petitioners allowed respondent to continue with his job until he was repatriated to Manila on April 29, 2000 at the expiration of his contract.2 As respondent constantly complained of "on and off cough[ing]," petitioners referred him to the Metropolitan Hospital.
After a series of medical tests, Dr. Robert D. Lim (Dr. Lim), petitioners’ medical coordinator at the Metropolitan Hospital, issued a medical report on July 28, 2000 stating that, inter alia, respondent "is now fit to work."3
Respondent refused, however, to sign the certificate of fitness for work as he felt he was still ill and suffering from disabilities.4
Petitioners having discontinued providing medical services and treatment, respondent consulted, at his own expense, a private physician, Dr. Juan Alejandro Legaspi (Dr. Legaspi), who diagnosed him on August 10, 2000 to be suffering from "spinal stenosis, L4-L5, L5-S1," and thus advised him to "avoid exertional activities and prolonged sitting" and to have ‘bed rest.’5
Claiming, inter alia, that his illness has "persisted" and has "totally disabled [him] from pursuing his work as a seaman" due to petitioners’ failure to provide safety measures and protective gears during his work to shield him from contracting illnesses, respondent filed a Complaint6 for disability benefits and damages against petitioners before the NLRC-NCR Arbitration Branch, Quezon City.
Petitioners resisted respondent’s Complaint, contending that under the POEA Standard Employment Contract, he may only recover such benefits when his repatriation is due to medical reasons, not when it is due to completion of contract as in his case.
By Decision dated October 8, 2003, Labor Arbiter Felipe P. Pati found for respondent, disposing as follows:
WHEREFORE, premises all considered, judgment is hereby rendered ordering respondents [now petitioners] jointly and severally liable to:
1. pay complainant [now respondent] his proportionate disability benefits in the amount of US$60,000.00 or its peso equivalent at the time of payment; and
2. pay complainant attorney’s fees at 10% of the total monetary award to be recovered.
All other claims are dismissed for lack of merit.
SO ORDERED.7
After petitioners received a copy of the Labor Arbiter’s Decision on November 4, 2003, they filed a Notice of Appeal with Appeal Memorandum via registered mail on the last day of the 10-day reglementary period of appeal or on November 14, 2003, a Friday, without the requisite appeal bond. It was only on the next business day, November 17, 2003, that they filed the appeal bond, together with another copy of petitioners’ Notice of Appeal with Appeal Memorandum.
Respondent thus filed a Motion to Dismiss Appeal8 on the ground that petitioners’ appeal was filed out of time.
Explaining their failure to file their appeal bond on November 14, 2003, petitioners, through counsel, stated that the appeal bond "was not processed on time by the bonding company" and "was issued only on 14 November 2003 at around 4:05 PM in the office of Pioneer Insurance Corporation at Paseo de Roxas, Makati City;" and that "undersigned counsel then carried the appeal bond, drove his car from Makati to Manila area," but "due to extreme traffic condition, he called-up thru his mobile phone his legal assistant to file the appeal via registered mail."9
Petitioners thus concluded that "there is actually no delay inasmuch as the appeal was initiated within the ten-day reglementary period via registered mail."10
The National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC), by Decision11 of March 8, 2006, denied respondent’s motion to dismiss petitioners’ appeal which it considered to have been effected on November 14, 2003. On the merits, it reversed the Labor Arbiter’s decision and accordingly dismissed respondent’s complaint, as well as petitioners’ permissive counter-claims.
Respondent’s Motion for Reconsideration12 having been denied, he filed a petition for Certiorari before the Court of Appeals.
By Decision13 of February 20, 2008, the appellate court annulled the NLRC Decision and Resolution, and reinstated the Labor Arbiter’s Decision, it ruling that the NLRC "never acquired jurisdiction" over the appeal of petitioners as they "failed to perfect their appeal "within the ten calendar-day period" and thus render the Labor Arbiter’s Decision final and executory.14
Petitioners’ Motion for Reconsideration having been denied by Resolution of October 22, 2008,15 they filed the present Petition for Review on Certiorari.
The petition fails.
The decisions, awards or orders of the Labor Arbiter are final and executory unless appealed to the NLRC by any parties within ten (10) calendar days from receipt thereof, with proof of payment of the required appeal fee accompanied by a memorandum of appeal. And where, as here, the judgment involves monetary award, an appeal therefrom by the employer may be "perfected only upon the posting of a cash or surety bond."16 A mere notice of appeal without complying with the other requisites mentioned does not stop the running of the period for perfecting an appeal17 as in fact no motion for extension of said period is allowed.18
The perfection of appeals in the manner and within the period permitted by law is not only mandatory but jurisdictional and must, therefore, be strictly observed.
Petitioners’ re-filing on the next working day, November 17, 2003, of the Notice of Appeal with Appeal Memorandum, which was accompanied, this time, by the appeal bond, did not cure the fatal defect of their appeal since said bond was filed after the ten-day reglementary period had expired – at which time the Labor Arbiter’s judgment had already become final and executory and, therefore, immutable.191avvphi1
Respecting petitioners’ argument that their appeal was "initiated" within the ten-day reglementary period,"20 suffice it to state that all the essential requirements for the perfection of the appeal must be filed within the reglementary period.
Petitioners’ bare invocation of "the interest of substantial justice" does not lie."21 Only under exceptionally meritorious cases may a relaxation from an otherwise stringent rule be allowed "to relieve a litigant of an injustice not commensurate with the degree of thoughtlessness in not complying with the procedure prescribed"22 – the existence of which petitioners failed to demonstrate.
WHEREFORE, the present Petition for Review on Certiorari is DENIED. Costs against petitioners.
SO ORDERED.
CONCHITA CARPIO MORALES
Associate Justice
WE CONCUR:
CONSUELO YNARES-SANTIAGO*
Associate Justice |
DIOSDADO M. PERALTA***
Associate Justice |
MARIANO C. DEL CASTILLO
Associate Justice |
ROBERTO A. ABAD
Associate Justice |
A T T E S T A T I O N
I attest that the conclusions in the above Decision had been reached in consultation before the case was assigned to the writer of the opinion of the Court’s Division.
CONCHITA CARPIO MORALES **
Associate Justice
Acting Chairperson
C E R T I F I C A T I O N
Pursuant to Section 13, Article VIII of the Constitution, and the Division Chairperson’s Attestation, I certify that the conclusions in the above decision had been reached in consultation before the case was assigned to the writer of the opinion of the Court’s Division.
REYNATO S. PUNO
Chief Justice
Footnotes
* Additional member per Special Order No. 691.
** Per Special Order No. 690 in lieu of the sabbatical leave of Senior Associate Justice Leonardo A. Quisumbing.
*** Additional member per Special Order No. 711.
1 Annex "B" of Respondent’s Position Paper, rollo, pp. 265-266, 278.
2 CA Decision, id. at 96.
3 Id. at 96-97.
4 Id. at 97; Labor Arbiter’s Decision, id. at 115.
5 Ibid.
6 Id. at 184-193.
7 Id. at 120-121.
8 Annex "M" of Petition, id. at 321-323.
9 Opposition to Complainant’s Motion to Dismiss Appeal, id. at 324-325 (underscoring supplied).
10 Ibid (underscoring and emphasis supplied).
11 Penned by Presiding Commissioner Benedicto Ernesto R. Bitonio, Jr., with Commissioners Perlita B. Velasco and Romeo L. Go concurring; id. at 121-128.
12 Id. at 330-354.
13 Penned by Associate Justice Magdangal M. De Leon and concurred in by Associate Justices Rebecca De Guia-Salvador and Ricardo R. Rosario; id. at 33-44.
14 Id. at 39, 41-42.
15 Id. at 47-50.
16 Article 223 of the Labor Code, as amended; Section 3, Rule VI of the New Rules of Procedure of the NLRC; Mary Abigail’s Food Services, Inc. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 140294, May 9, 2005, 458 SCRA 265, 273-274 (underscoring supplied).
17 Section 3, Rule VI of the New Rules of Procedure of the NLRC.
18 Section 7, id.
19 Stolt-Nielsen Marine Services, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 147623, December 13, 2005, 477 SCRA 516, 531.
20 Rollo, pp. 324-325 (underscoring supplied).
21 Zaragoza v. Nobleza, G.R. No. 144560, May 13, 2004, 428 SCRA 410, 420-421.
22 Id.
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